Saturday, November 4, 2017

God's New Covenant with Israel (3), 2 Cor. 3:1-8



In Jeremiah 31:31-34 we have seen the powerful promise to Israel of a new covenant.  Before we move to another description of this promise let us note two things.  First, this promise of God is guaranteed.  The LORD emphasizes this in the following verses in Jeremiah, by pronouncement in Jer. 31:35-40, and by illustration in Jer. 32:1-26.  Through Jeremiah the word of the LORD is that God’s fury will be poured out on Jerusalem, but that beyond that God will establish His new covenant with Israel.

Second we should remember that Hebrews makes a strong emphasis on the prophecy of Jeremiah, quoting it in its entirety in Heb. 8:7-13.  God was seeking to provoke Israel to jealousy by those who are not a nation, the Gentiles who were being saved (Deut. 32:21; Rom. 10:19).  In Hebrews God was seeking to encourage these Jews who had professed faith in Christ, to not turn away but confess Jesus to be the Mediator of the covenant God had promised to Israel and which the Gentile believers were enjoying.  Paul, whose ministry was primarily to the Gentiles, had a new covenant ministry (2 Cor. 3:4-18, esp. v6).  The point is: the promise was for Israel first, and then through Israel came to the Gentiles.

Paul also referred to his ministry as the ministry of the Spirit (2 Cor. 3:8).  Let us again go to the Old Testament and see the connection between the new covenant and the outpouring of the Spirit.
·        Ezekiel 11:19-20:
o   Note the context of this passage.  In Ezek. 8-10 Ezekiel saw the glory of the LORD depart from the temple (which is completed in 11:22-25).  If you are not familiar with this we encourage you to read it.  It is one of the heaviest moments in Israel’s history, followed by God’s judgment (Ezek. 11:1-12) which leads Ezekiel to question God: Ah, Lord GOD!  Will You make a complete end of the remnant of Israel?  God’s answer, “I will not completely cast them off” (11:14-18); and then promises a spiritual restoration of the nation (11:19-21).

o   The promise of restoration involves the new covenant, although Ezekiel doesn’t use those words.  He speaks of one heart, a new spirit within and of the stony heart replaced by a heart of flesh.  The reason we know this is the New Covenant is because of the end result: they will be able to do God’s statutes and judgments and there will be a My people/their God relationship.  The stony heart connects with the Law of Moses given on tablets of stone (Ex. 24:12).  As Jeremiah had said, the New Covenant was not like the Old Covenant.  The indwelling Spirit makes it possible to know and do God’s will, a power not known under the Old Covenant.

Consider Paul’s words in today’s reading: we are an epistle of Christwritten not with ink but by the Spirit of the living God.  This is the effect of God's promise in our lives.

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