Psalm 18

 

The historical setting of this Psalm is made clear both from the title and from the fact that it appears originally in the narrative of the life of David in 2 Samuel 22.  The setting in 2 Samuel is that it is somewhat of a summary of God’s deliverances of David over the course of his life.  David is ascribing faithfulness to God for not one but for a lifetime of deliverances.  From David’s experiences we too are encouraged to trust in the faithful God.  While David speaks of receiving deliverance from his enemy in the future, his faith was placed in His God who had delivered him in the past.

Here is an outline with brief comment of this lengthy Psalm.

·       v1-2: we can be confident because of who God is.  Identify 8 thoughts about God.  The “Rock” is one in which we hide.  The “Horn” is an emblem of power.

·       v3-6: we can be confident because God hears us.  We are emboldened to cry out to God and to believe that He will hear the cry of faith.

·       v7-19: we can be confident because God delivers those who call on him.  David’s description of God’s great movement on his behalf is likely describing the totality of God’s many deliverances as king.  David experienced deliverance from Saul, and then from the Philistines, Ammonites, Syrians and other surrounding nations.

·       v20-29: we can be confident because God is faithful.  This passage is not a denial of grace.  The point is that David was God’s anointed, given a special covenant whereby God would establish his throne.  Of course we are aware of his sin with Bathsheba and the overwhelming consequences.  But even in that situation God forgave and gave David victory over Absalom and the rebellious tribes. 

·       v30-36: we can be confident because God equips us.  Again, note 8 ways God enables us to be useful in His hands to bring about victory over the enemy.  In v30 David notes that God’s way is “perfect”.  In v32 God makes David’s way “perfect”.  This refers to being complete or whole.  God misses nothing; His plan will prosper.  Thus the way He lays out before us is also complete.  That is something for David to say as he had his shortcomings.  Furthermore the years of God’s deliverance from Saul were a “path” that often had danger.  David found himself in tight spots from time to time.  He is saying that while God’s way for him was not the easiest in the sense of being free of trouble, it was the easiest because God always delivered.  Think about this.  Since God’s way is perfect, the way He has planned for you is also perfect!

·       v37-45: we can be confident because God gives overwhelming victory.  The point here is that when God gives victory, it is amazing. God brings Deliverance in such a way that it brings glory to Him.  David understood what Paul understood when he worshiped God for giving us more than we ask or think (Eph. 3:20). 

·       v36-50: we can be confident!  The hymn ends as it began.  It is a strong exclamation point that God can be trusted!!  He will not disappoint us.  They will never be ashamed who put their trust in our Rock!  This term “Rock” is different than the hiding place of v2.  This is the boulder on which we can stand firm.  David’s use of it in this summary of God’s deliverances is interesting in that the references to God as Israel’s “Rock” are in Deut. 32 (v4,15,18,30,31).  Deut. 32 (The Song of Moses) speaks of God’s relationship to Israel in her times of trouble, exactly the thing for which David gives praise.  What “rock” are you standing on?  Is it a solid foundation?  Do you have confidence in times of distress?

The final verse of Psalm 18 gives us a clear picture of the Messianic nature of Psalms of David. He has based his request on the promise of God in Psalm 2. It is the basis of God's Covenant with David. If you read the Covenant in 2nd Samuel 7 you will see that God extended it to David's sons if, by faith, they received the promise of God. The ultimate and final son of David is the Messiah, God's Anointed (Heb. masiah). Hallelujah!